Necessity of Programmable Interval TimerThe 8253/54 solves one of most common problem in any microcomputer system, the generation of accurate time delays under software control. Instead of setting up timing loops in system software, the programmer configures the 8253/54 to match his requirements, initializes one of the counters of the 8253/54 with the desired quantity, … Continue reading Intel 8253/54 Programmable Interval Timer
8086 Interrupts
sources of Interrupt in 8086An interrupt in 8086 can be come in folowing ways: From an external signal applied to NMI or INTR input pin of the processor. The interrupts initiated by applying appropriate signals to these input pins are called hardware interrupt.The second source of interrupt is execution of the interrupt instruction "INT n", … Continue reading 8086 Interrupts
Frequency of Oscillation of RC Phase Shift Oscillator
https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.2/MathJax.js?config=TeX-MML-AM_CHTML Derivation of Frequency of OscillationWe have to find out the transfer function of RC feedback network. Applying KVL to various loops on the figure, we get, $$I_1 \left(R+\frac{1}{j \omega C }\right) -I_2R=V_i \text{ ....(1)}$$ $$-I_1R+I_2\left (2R+\frac {1}{j\omega C}\right)-I_3R=0\text{ ... (2)}$$ $$0-I_2R+I_3\left(2R+ \frac{1}{j\omega C}\right)=0\text{ ...(3)}$$Replacing \(j\omega\) with \(s\) and writing equations in the matrix form, … Continue reading Frequency of Oscillation of RC Phase Shift Oscillator
MathJax tutorial
https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.2/MathJax.js?config=TeX-MML-AM_CHTML Hai friends, today we will discuss more about LaTeX commands. I am not going to exaggerate things. I will show you the facts straight forward. Fonts Use \mathbb or \Bbb for "black board bold" font. \(\mathbb{ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O}\) Use \mathbf for … Continue reading MathJax tutorial
VHDL Behavioral Description of all Logic Gates
AND Gatelibrary IEEE;use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;entity and_gate isport( a,b : in std_logic; s : out std_logic);end and_gate;architecture Behavioral of and_gate isbegins<=a and b;end Behavioral;OR Gatelibrary IEEE;use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;entity or_gate isport( a,b : in std_logic; s : out std_logic);end or_gate;architecture Behavioral of or_gate isbegins<=a or b;end Behavioral;NOT Gatelibrary IEEE;use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;entity not_gate isport( a : in … Continue reading VHDL Behavioral Description of all Logic Gates
Introduction to MathJax
What is Mathjax?MathJax allows you to include mathematics in your web pages, either using LaTeX, MathML, or AsciiMath notation, and the mathematics will be processed using JavaScript to produce HTML, SVG or MathML equations for viewing in any modern browser.Installing MathJax on Your WebsiteThe easiest way to install MathJax on your website is adding link … Continue reading Introduction to MathJax
Transistor Amplifier Design
RequirementsVoltage Gain: 50Required output voltage swing: 10VSelection of TransistorSelect transistor BC107 since minimum guaranteed \(h_{FE}\)(=100) is more than the required gain(=50) of the amplifier.Quick Reference Through BC107Type: NPN SiliconApplication: In audio frequencyMaximum Ratings:\(V_{CB}=50V, V_{CE}=45V,\\ V_{EB}=6V, I_C=100mA\)Nominal Ratings:\(V_{CE}=5V, I_c=2mA, h_{FE}=100 \text{ to } 500\)CE amplifier circuit diagramDC Biasing Conditions\(V_{CC}\) is taken as \(20\%\) more than required output … Continue reading Transistor Amplifier Design
Even and Odd Memory Banks
span.putBar { border-top: 1px solid black; } The 8086 microprocessor uses a 20-bit address to access memory. With 20-bit address the processor can generate 220 = 1 Mega address. The basic memory word size of the memories used in the 8086 system is 8-bit or 1-byte (i.e., in one memory location an 8-bit binary information … Continue reading Even and Odd Memory Banks
8086 Maximum Mode Signals and Maximum Mode Based System
span.putBar { border-top: 1px solid black; } .divScroll { white-space: nowrap; overflow-x:scroll; height:auto; width:auto; background-color:#bdbdbd; } Maximum mode signalsThe maximum mode signals of 8086 are listed in table below. The 8086 can made to work in maximum mode by grounding MN/MX. In maximum mode, the pin 24 to pin 31 are defined as follows. NameDescription/FunctionTypeRQ/GT1, … Continue reading 8086 Maximum Mode Signals and Maximum Mode Based System
8086 Minimum Mode Signals and Minimum Mode Based System
span.putBar { border-top: 1px solid black; } .divScroll { white-space: nowrap; overflow-x:scroll; height:auto; width:auto; background-color:#bdbdbd; } Minimum Mode SignalsThe minimum mode signals of an 8086 are listed in table below. For minimum mode of operation the MN/MX pin is tied to Vcc (logic high). In minimum mode, the 8086 itself generates all bus control signals. … Continue reading 8086 Minimum Mode Signals and Minimum Mode Based System
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